Comparability of the single-item Visual Analog Scale (VAS-A) to the multi-item Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) – A systematic review and meta-analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17159/sadj.v80i02.20196Keywords:
Dental anxiety, reliability, VAS, MDASAbstract
Anxiety is associated with delayed dental attendance and treatment, leading to worsened intra-operative experiences for patients and clinicians. Ultimately, clinicians must reliably evaluate and manage dental anxiety to improve patient compliance and overall oral health status.
Downloads
References
1.Berggren U, Meynert G. Dental fear and avoidance: Causes, symptoms, and consequences. JADA. 1984; 109:247-251. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1984.0328
2. Winkler CH, Bjelopavlovic M, Lehmann KM, et al. Impact of Dental Anxiety on Dental Care Routine and Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life in a German Adult Population-A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med.2023;12(16):5291. doi: 10.3390/jcm12165291
3. Pohjola V, Rekola A, Kunttu K, Virtanen JI. Association between dental fear and oral health habits and treatment need among University students in Finland: A national study. BMC Oral Health.2016;16:26. doi: 10.1186/s12903-016-0179-y
4. Heidari E, Newton J, Banerjee A. Minimum intervention oral healthcare for people with dental phobia: a patient management pathway. BDJ.2020; 229:417-424. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-2178-2
5. Yildirim TT. Evaluating the Relationship of Dental Fear with Dental Health Status and Awareness. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Jul;10(7):ZC105-9. doi 10.7860/JCDR/2016/19303.8214
6. Cianetti S, Lombardo G, Lupatelli E, Pagano S, Abraha I, Montedori A, Salvato R. (2017). Dental fear/anxiety among children and adolescents. A systematic review. Eur J Paediatr Dent, 18(2), 121-30
7. Silveira ER, Cademartori MG, Schuch HS, Armfield JA, Demarco FF. (2021). Estimated prevalence of dental fear in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Dentistry, 108, 103632.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103632
8. Murad MH, Ingle NA, Assery MK. Evaluating factors associated with fear and anxiety to dental treatment-A systematic review. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Sep 30;9(9):4530-4535. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_607_20
9. Facco E, Zanette G, Favero L, Bacci C, Sivolella S, Cavallin F, Manani G. Toward the validation of visual analog scale for anxiety. Anesth Prog. 2011 Spring;58(1):8-13. doi: 10.2344/0003-3006-58.1.8
10. Newton JT, Buck DJ. Anxiety and pain measures in dentistry: a guide to their quality and application. JADA. 2000 Oct;131(10):1449-57. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2000.0056. PMID: 11042984
11. Schuurs AH, Hoogstraten J. Appraisal of dental anxiety and fear questionnaires: a review. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1993 Dec;21(6):329-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528. 1993.tb01095. x
12. Chi SI. What is the gold standard of the dental anxiety scale? J Dent Anesth Pain Med. 2023 Aug;23(4):193-212. doi: 10.17245/jdapm.2023.23.4.193
13. Kindler CH, Harms C, Amsler F, et al. The visual analog scale allows effective measurement of preoperative anxiety and detection of patient’s anesthetic concerns. Anesth Analg.2000; 90: 706-712
14. Hosey MT, Blinkhorn AS. An evaluation of four methods of assessing the behaviour of anxious child dental patients. Int J Paediatr Dent. 1995;5(2):87-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-263x.1995.tb00170. x
15. Maxwell C. (1978). Sensitivity and accuracy of the visual analog scale: a psycho physical classroom experiment. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 6(1), 15-24
16. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Annals of Internal Medicine.2009; 151(4): 264-269
17. Moskalewicz A, Oremus M. No clear choice between Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies to assess methodological quality in crosssectional studies of health-related quality of life and breast cancer. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology.2020; 120: 94-103
18. Luyk NH, Beck FM, Weaver JM. A visual analogue scale in the assessment of dental anxiety. Anesthesia progress. 1988;35(3):121Facco E, Zanette G, Favero L, Bacci C, Sivolella S, Cavallin F, et al. Toward the validation of visual analogue scale for anxiety. Anesthesia progress. 2011;58(1):8-13. https:// doi: 10.2344/0003-3006-58.1.8
20. Appukuttan D, Datchnamurthy M, Deborah SP, Hirudayaraj GJ, Tadepalli A, Victor DJ. Reliability and validity of the Tamil version of Modified Dental Anxiety Scale. Journal of Oral Science. 2012;54(4):313-20. https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.54.313
21. Bahammam MA, Hassan MH. Validity and reliability of an Arabic version of the modified dental anxiety scale in Saudi adults. Saudi Med J. 2014;35(11):1384-9
22. Aznar-Arasa L, Figueiredo R, Valmaseda-Castellón E, Gay-Escoda C. Patient anxiety and surgical difficulty in impacted lower third molar extractions: a prospective cohort study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014;43(9):1131-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2014.04.005
23. Appukuttan D, Vinayagavel M, Tadepalli A. Utility and validity of a single-item visual analog scale for measuring dental anxiety in clinical practice. Journal of oral science. 2014;56(2):151-6. https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.56.151
24. Gupta G, Shanbhag N, Puranik MP. Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Kannada Version of Modified Dental Anxiety Scale Among an Adult Indian Population. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015;9(9):Zc34-8. https://doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/12675.6469
25. Bahammam MA. Validity and reliability of an Arabic version of the state-trait anxiety inventory in a Saudi dental setting. Saudi Med J. 2016;37(6):668-74. https:// doi:10.15537/smj.2016.6.13935
26. Skowron MU, Nowak PG, Więckiewicz W, Waliczek M. Utility of the visual analog scale for the assessment of dental anxiety. Dental and Medical Problems. 2017;54(4):389-95.https://doi: 10.17219/dmp/78544
27. Giri J, Pokharel PR, Gyawali R, Bhattarai B. Translation and validation of modified dental anxiety scale: the Nepali version. International scholarly research notices. 2017;2017(1):5495643. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5495643
28. Jain M, Tandon S, Sharma A, Jain V, Yadav NR. Cross-Cultural adaption, validity and reliability of a Hindi version of the Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale. Health promotion perspectives. 2018;8(2):120. https:// doi: 10.15171/hpp.2018.15
29. Zhang X, Wang B, Qiao SC, Gu YX, Shi JY, Lai HC. A study on the prevalence of dental anxiety, pain perception, and their interrelationship in Chinese patients with oral implant surgery. Clinical implant dentistry and related research. 2019;21(3):428-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/cid.12779
30. Höglund M, Bågesund M, Shahnavaz S, Wårdh I. Evaluation of the ability of dental clinicians to rate dental anxiety. European journal of oral sciences. 2019;127(5):455-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/eos.12648
31. Xu JL, Xia R. Influence factors of dental anxiety in patients with impacted third molar extractions and its correlation with postoperative pain: a prospective study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2020;25(6):e714-e9. https:// doi: 10.4317/medoral.23293
32. Ahmad S, Sana U, Haseeb M, Niazi I, Khan Z, Yousaf O. Relationship of dental anxiety and pain during inferior alveolar nerve block. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences. 2021;15(7):1626-8. https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211571626
33. Lee E, Jee Y-J, Jung J, Lee MH, ok Hong S. Extraction of mandibular third molars: relationship of preoperative anxiety with body mass index, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, and visual analog scale scores and predictors of postoperative
complications. Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. 2023;49(5):252. https://doi.org/10.5125/jkaoms.2023.49.5.252
34. Majumder G, Das S, Bhattacharyya A, Mitra A, Maity AB. Evaluating the Reliability of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in assessing dental anxiety in Bengali Population – A Cross-sectional Study
35. Robitzsch A. Why Ordinal Variables Can (Almost) Always Be Treated as Continuous Variables: Clarifying Assumptions of Robust Continuous and Ordinal Factor Analysis Estimation Methods. Frontiers in Education. 2020; 5:589965.doi:10.3389/feduc.2020.589965
36. Michaelides A, Zis P. Depression, anxiety and acute pain: links and management challenges. Postgrad Med. 2019;131(7):438-444. doi:
10.1080/00325481.2019.1663705
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.