An evaluation of White Cell count, C-Reactive protein and Procalcitonin as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers during the management of maxillofacial infections
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17159/sadj.v80i07.23726Keywords:
White Cell Count, C-Reactive Protein, Procalcitonin, Maxillofacial InfectionsAbstract
Odontogenic infections (OI) and to a lesser extent nonodontogenic infections, constitute a substantial proportion of a maxillofacial and oral surgeon’s work. These infections may be life threatening if not treated adequately. Aims and objectives: The purpose of this current study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of White Cell count (WCC), C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Procalcitonin (PCT), in the management of maxillofacial infections. Design and methods: Quantitative, descriptive research was conducted to determine whether blood levels of the mentioned parameters, on day one and day three respectively, had any
indication of patient’s response to treatment received for the presenting infection. Serial blood samples were taken on day
1 and day 3 respectively and values were recorded in a data collection sheet and evaluated using Chi-squared tables with
STATA-17 analysis.
Downloads
References
1. Rasteneine R, Puriene A, Aleksejuniene J et al. Odontogenic Maxillofacial Infections: Aen-year Retrospective Analysis. Surgical Infections;2015:305-12
2. Miloro M, Ghali GE, Larsen PE, Waite PD. Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.2012;3E:841-61 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91920-7
3. Hefferman AJ, Denny KJ. Host Diagnostic Biomarkers of Infection in the ICU: Where Are We and Where Are We Going? Curr Infect Dis Rep 23,4 (2021). https://doi.org/10/1007/s11908-021-007-0
4. Sharma A et al. Efficacy of Prealbumin and CRP Levels as Monitoring Tools for Patients with Fascial Space Infections of Odontogenic Origin: A ClinicobiochemicalStudy. J Maxillofac Surg. 2014;13:1-9
5. Heim M et al. The role of C-Reactive protein and white blood cell count in theprediction of length of stay in hospital and severity of odontogenic abscess. J Cranio Maxillofac Surg. 2018;46:2220-6
6. Kim JK, Lee JH. Clinical utility of procalcitonin in severe odontogenic maxillofacial infection. J Maxillofac Plastic Surg. 2021;43:3 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40902-020- 00288-x
7. Bhardwaj N, Ahmed MZ, Sharma S et al. C-Reactive protein as a prognostic marker of Plasmodium falciparum malaria severity. J Vector Borne Dis. 2019;56:122-26
8. Kent S, Regan A, McDonald C Gender differences in patients with severe dental infections presenting to hospital. Br Dent J.2021. DOI 10.1038/s41415-020-2351-7
9. Kaminski B, Blochowaik K, Kolomanski K et al. Oral and Maxillofcial infections – A Bacterial and Clinical Cross-Section. J Clin Med.2022;11:2731 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11102731
10. Park J, Lee JY, Hwang DS et al. A retrospective analysis of risk factors of oromaxillofacial infection in patients presenting to a hospital emergency ward. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg.2019:41;49
11. Muna AM, AlHameed RA. The role of C-reactive protein and White Blood Cell Count as Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Monitoring Markers in Bacterial Orofacial Infections. JOral Maxfac Surg.2022:80;530-36
12. Vuong NL, Le Duyen HT, Lam PK et al. C-reactive protein as a potential biomarker for disease progression in Dengue: a multi-country observational study. BMC Med. 2020;17:25
13. Nehring SM, Goyal A, Patel BC. C-Reactive Protein [Updated 2023 July 10]. In StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL). www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441843/#
14. Dias RF, de Paula ACRB, Hasparyk UG et al. Use of C-reactive protein to guide the antibiotic therapy in hospitalised patients: A Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 23,276 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08255-3
15. Largman-Chalamish M, Wasserman A, Silberman A et al. Differentiating between bacterial and viral infections by estimating CRP velocity. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277401
16. So-Ngern A, Leelaspupasri S, Chulavatnatol S et al. Prognostic value of SerumProcalcitonin Level for the Diagnosis of Bacterial Infections in Critically-ill patients.Infection and Chemotherapy. 2019;53:263-73
17. Veronez B, Pando de Matos F et al. Maxillofacial Infections. A retrospective evaluationof eight years. Braz J Oral Sci. 2014;13:98-103 https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-3225v13n2a04
18. Singh N, Nwenya S, Molepo J. The microbiology of head and neck space infectionsat the Maxillofacial clinic at Livingstone hospital. SADJ 2020;75:192-97
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
.png){kind=spacer}